List of culinary herbs and spices

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A spice market in Istanbul

This is a list of culinary herbs and spices. Specifically these are food or drink additives of mostly botanical origin used in nutritionally insignificant quantities for flavoring or coloring.

This list does not contain salt, which is a mineral. Nor is it for fictional plants such as aglaophotis, or recreational drugs such as tobacco.

This list is not for plants used primarily as herb teas or tisanes, and not for herbs or spices that are purely medicinal such as valerian. For medicinal herbs see list of medicinal herbs.

See the list of herb & spice mixtures for common spice blends, such as chili powder.

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z · See also · External links

[edit] A

Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) (South Asia, Afghanistan, Iran, Egypt, Eritrea & Ethiopia)
Akudjura (Solanum centrale) (Australia)
Alexanders (Smyrnium olusatrum)
Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria), for red color
Allspice (Pimenta dioica)
Anardana (Punica granatum)
Angelica (Angelica archangelica)
Anise (Pimpinella anisum)
Aniseed myrtle (Syzygium anisatum) (Australia)
Annatto (Bixa orellana)
Apple mint (Mentha suaveolens)
Asafoetida (Ferula assafoetida)
Asarabacca (Asarum europaeum)
Avocado Leaf (Peresea americana)

[edit] B

Barberry (Berberis vulgaris and other Berberis spp)
Basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Basil, Lemon (Ocimum × citriodorum)
Bay Leaf (Laurus nobilis)
Bergamot (Monarda didyma)
Boldo (Peumus boldus)
Borage (Borago officinalis)
Black Cardamom (Amomum subulatum, Amomum costatum)
Black Mustard (Brassica nigra)
Blue Fenugreek, Blue melilot (Trigonella caerulea)
Brown Mustard (Brassica juncea)

[edit] C

Camphor Laurel (Cinnamomum camphora)
Calendula, Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis)
Candle nut (Aleurites moluccanus)
Capers (Capparis spinosa)
Caraway (Carum carvi)
Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum)
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua)
Catnip (Nepeta cataria)
Cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum)
Cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum)
Celery seed (Apium graveolens)
Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium)
Chicory (Cichorium intybus)
Chili pepper (Capsicum spp.)
Chipotle (Capsicum annuum)
Charoli (Buchanania lanzan)
Chives (Allium schoenoprasum)
Cicely, Sweet Cicely (Myrrhis odorata)
Cilantro, Coriander Greens, Coriander Herb (Coriandrum sativum)
Cinnamon, Indonesian (Cinnamomum burmannii, Cassia vera)
Cinnamon, Saigon or Vietnamese (Cinnamomum loureiroi)
Cinnamon, True or Ceylon (Cinnamomum verum, C. zeylanicum)
Cinnamon, White (Canella winterana,)
Cinnamon Myrtle (Backhousia myrtifolia) (Australia)
Clary, Clary Sage (Salvia sclarea)
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)
Coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum)
Costmary (Tanacetum balsamita)
Cuban Oregano (Plectranthus amboinicus)
Cubeb pepper (Piper cubeba)
Cudweed (Gnaphalium spp.) (Vietnamese cuisine)
Culantro, culangot, Long Coriander (Eryngium foetidum)
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum)
Curry Leaf (Murraya koenigii)
Curry Plant (Helichrysum italicum)

[edit] D

Dill seed (Anethum graveolens)
Dill herb or weed (Anethum graveolens)

[edit] E

Elderflower (Sambucus spp.)
Epazote (Chenopodium ambrosioides)

[edit] F

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)
Filé powder, gumbo filé (Sassafras albidum)
Fingerroot, krachai, temu kuntji (Boesenbergia rotunda)

[edit] G

Galangal, greater (Alpinia galanga)
Galangal, lesser (Alpinia officinarum)
Galingale (Cyperus spp.)
Gambooge, Goraka (Garcinia gummi-gutta)
Garlic chives (Allium tuberosum)
Garlic (Allium sativum)
Garlic, Elephant (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum)
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Ginger, Torch (Etlingera elatior)
Golpar, Persian hogweed (Heracleum persicum) (Iranian cuisine)
Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica)
Grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta)
Grains of Selim, Kani Pepper (Xylopia aethiopica)
Ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea)

[edit] H

Hops (Humulus lupulus)
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
Houttuynia (Houttuynia cordata) (Vietnamese cuisine)
Huacatay, Mexican Marigold, Mint Marigold (Tagetes minuta)
Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis)

[edit] I

Indonesian Bay-Leaf, Daun salam (Eugenia polyantha^{[citation needed]}, Syzygium polyanthum)

[edit] J

Jasmine (Jasminum spp.)
Jimbu (Allium hypsistum) (Nepalese cuisine)
Juniper berry (Juniperus communis)

[edit] K

Kaffir Lime Leaves, Makrud Lime Leaves (Citrus hystrix) (Southeast Asian cuisines)
Kala Jeera, Black Cumin (Bunium persicum) (South Asian cuisine)
Kencur, Galangal, Kentjur (Kaempferia galanga)
Kepayang, keluak, kluwak (Pangium edule)
Kokam seed (Garcinia indica) (Indian confectionery)
Korarima, Ethiopian cardamom, false cardamom (Aframomum corrorima) (Eritrean cuisine)
Koseret (Lippia adoensis) (Ethiopian cuisine)

[edit] L

Lavender (Lavandula spp.)
Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus, C. flexuosus, and other Cymbopogon spp.)
Lemon Ironbark (Eucalyptus staigeriana) (Australia)
Lemon Myrtle (Backhousia citriodora) (Australia)
Lemon Verbena (Lippia citriodora)
Lesser Calamint (Calamintha nepeta), nipitella, nepitella (Italian cuisine)
Liquorice, Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
Lime Flower, Linden flower (Tilia spp.)
Lovage (Levisticum officinale)

[edit] M

Mace (Myristica fragrans)
Mahlab, St. Lucie Cherry (Prunus mahaleb)
Malabathrum, Tejpat (Cinnamomum tamala)
Marjoram (Origanum majorana)
Marsh Mallow (Althaea officinalis)
Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus)
Mesquite (Prosopis spp.)
Mint (Mentha spp.) 25 species, hundreds of varieties
Musk mallow, Abelmosk (Abelmoschus moschatus)
Mustard, Black, Mustard plant, Mustard seed (Brassica nigra)
Mustard, Brown, Mustard plant, Mustard seed (Brassica juncea)
Mustard, White, Mustard plant, Mustard seed (Sinapis alba)

[edit] N

Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus)
Nigella, Kalonji, Black caraway, Black onion seed (Nigella sativa)
Njangsa, Djansang (Ricinodendron heudelotii)
Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans)
Nutmeg, Calabash, Ehuru (Monodora myristica)

[edit] O

Olida (Eucalyptus olida) (Australia)
Oregano (Origanum vulgare, O. heracleoticum, and other species)
Orris root (Iris germanica, I. florentina, I. pallida)

[edit] P

Pandan flower, Kewra (Pandanus odoratissimus)
Pandan leaf, Screwpine (Pandanus amaryllifolius)
Paprika (Capsicum annuum)
Paracress (Spilanthes acmella, Soleracea) (Brazilian cuisine)
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)
Pepper: black, white, and green (Piper nigrum)
Pepper, Dorrigo (Tasmannia stipitata) (Australia)
Pepper, Long (Piper longum)
Pepper, Mountain, Cornish Pepper Leaf (Tasmannia lanceolata)
Peppermint (Mentha piperata)
Peppermint Gum leaf (Eucalyptus dives)
Perilla, Shiso (Perilla spp.)
Pink Pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius)
Piper sarmentosum (Southeast Asian cuisines)
Poppy seed (Papaver somniferum)

[edit] Q

Quassia (Quassia amara) (bitter spice in aperitifs, and some beers and fortified wines)

[edit] R

Ramsons, wood garlic (Allium ursinum)
Rice Paddy Herb (Limnophila aromatica) (Vietnamese cuisine)
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)
Rue (Ruta graveolens)

[edit] S

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), for yellow color
Saffron (Crocus sativus)
Sage (Salvia officinalis)
Saigon Cinnamon (Cinnamomum loureiroi)
Salad Burnet (Sanguisorba minor)
Salep (Orchis mascula)
Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)
Savory, Summer (Satureja hortensis)
Savory, Winter (Satureja montana)
Sesame seed (Sesamum indicum)
Sichuan pepper (Xanthoxylum piperitum)
Silphium, Silphion, Laser, laserpicium, lasarpicium (Roman cuisine, Ancient Greek cuisine)
Sorrel (Rumex acetosa)
Sorrel, French (Rumex scutatus)
Sorrel, Sheep's (Rumex acetosella)
Spearmint (Mentha spicata)
Spikenard (Nardostachys grandiflora or N. jatamansi)
Star anise (Illicium verum)
Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica)
Sumac (Rhus coriaria)
Summer savory (Satureja hortensis)
Sweet woodruff (Galium odoratum)
Szechuan pepper, Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum)

[edit] T

Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus)
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris)
Thyme, Lemon (Thymus × citriodorus)
Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

[edit] V

Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia)
Vietnamese Balm (Elsholtzia ciliata)
Vietnamese Cinnamon (Cinnamomum loureiroi)
Vietnamese Coriander (Persicaria odorata)

[edit] W

Wasabi (Wasabia japonica)
Water-pepper, Smartweed (Polygonum hydropiper)
Watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquatica)
Wattleseed, Australian acacia
White Mustard (Sinapis alba)
Wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum)
Winter savory (Satureja montana)
Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens)
Wood Avens, Herb Bennet (Geum urbanum)
Woodruff (Galium odoratum)
Wormwood, Absinthe (Artemisia absinthium)

[edit] X

[edit] Y

Yellow Mustard (Brassica hirta = Sinapis alba)
Yerba Buena, any of four different species, many unrelated

[edit] Z

Za'atar herbs from the genera Origanum, Calamintha, Thymus, and Satureja
Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria)

[edit] See also

Wikibooks Cookbook has a recipe/module on

Spices and herbs

[show]

Herbs and spices

[show] v • d • e Capsicum Cultivars

C. annuum	Aleppo · Anaheim · Ancho · Banana pepper · Bell pepper · Cascabel · Cayenne · Chilaca · Chiltepin · Cubanelle · De árbol · Dundicut · Fresno · Guajillo · Hungarian wax · Italian sweet · Jalapeño · Japanese · Mirasol · Macho · Mulato · New Mexico (Anaheim) · Pasilla · Pepperoncini · Piquín · Pimento · Poblano · Puya · Serrano · Tien Tsin

C. chinense	Adjuma · Ají Limo · Ají dulce · Datil · Fatalii · Habanero · Red Savina · Madame Jeanette · Bhut Jolokia · Scotch bonnet

C. frutescens	African Bird's Eye · Bird's Eye chili · Malagueta · Tabasco

C baccatum	Ají · Piquanté

C. pubescens	Rocoto