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History of South Asia History of India
Stone Age	before 3300 BCE
- Mehrgarh Culture	7000–3300 BCE
Indus Valley Civilization	3300–1700 BCE
- Late Harappan Culture	1700–1300 BCE
[show]Iron Age 1200–180 BCE Vedic Civilization 1500–500 BCE Maha Janapadas • 700–300 BCE Magadha Empire • 684–424 BCE Nanda Empire • 424-321 BCE Chera Empire • 300 BCE–1200 CE Chola Empire • 300 BCE–1279 CE Pandyan Empire • 300 BCE–1345 CE Maurya Empire • 321–184 BCE Pallava Empire • 250 BCE–800 CE Sunga Empire • 185-73 BCE Kanva Empire • 75-26 BCE Kharavela Empire • 209–170 BCE Kuninda Kingdom • 200s BCE–300s CE Indo-Scythian Kingdom • 200 BC–400 CE Satavahana Empire • 230 BCE–220 CE Indo-Greek Kingdom • 180 BCE–10 CE
[show]Middle Kingdoms 1 CE–1279 CE Indo-Parthian Kingdom • 21–130s CE Western Satrap Empire • 35–405 CE Kushan Empire • 60–240 CE Indo-Sassanid Kingdom • 230–360 CE Vakataka Empire • 250–500 CE Kalabhras Kingdom • 250–600 CE Gupta Empire • 280–550 CE Kadamba Empire • 345–525 CE Western Ganga Kingdom • 350–1000 CE Kamarupa Kingdom • 350–1100 CE Vishnukundina Empire • 420-624 CE Huna Kingdom • 475-576 CE Rai Kingdom • 489–632 CE Chalukya Empire • 543–753 CE Harsha Empire • 590-647 CE Shahi Kingdom • 565-670 CE Eastern Chalukya Kingdom • 624-1075 CE Gurjara Pratihara Empire • 650–1036 CE Pala Empire • 750–1174 CE Rashtrakuta Empire • 753–982 CE Paramara Kingdom • 800–1327 CE Yadava Empire • 850–1334 CE Solanki Kingdom • 942–1244 CE Western Chalukya Empire • 973–1189 CE Hoysala Empire • 1040–1346 CE Sena Empire • 1070–1230 CE Eastern Ganga Empire • 1078–1434 CE Kakatiya Kingdom • 1083–1323 CE Kalachuri Empire • 1130–1184 CE
Islamic Rulers	1206–1707 CE
- Delhi Sultanate	1206–1526 CE
- Deccan Sultanates	1490–1596 CE
Vijayanagara Empire	1336–1646 CE
Mughal Empire	1526–1803 CE
Maratha Empire	1674–1818 CE
Durrani Empire	1747–1823 CE
Sikh Empire	1799–1849 CE
[show]Regional Kingdoms 1100–1800 CE Cochin Kingdom 1102–1949 CE Travancore Kingdom 1102–1949 CE Ahom Kingdom 1228–1826 CE Chitradurga Kingdom 1300–1779 CE Garhwal Kingdom 1358–1803 CE Mysore Kingdom 1399–1947 CE Keladi Kingdom 1499–1763 CE Thondaiman Kingdom 1650–1948 CE Madurai Kingdom 1559–1736 CE Thanjavur Kingdom 1572–1918 CE Marava Kingdom 1600–1750 CE
Company rule in India	1757–1858 CE
British India	1858–1947 CE
Partition of India	1947 CE
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[show]Kingdoms of Sri Lanka Kingdom of Tambapanni 543–505 BCE Kingdom of Upatissa Nuwara 505–377 BCE Kingdom of Anuradhapura 377–1017 CE Kingdom of Ruhuna 200– CE Polonnaruwa Kingdom 300–1310 CE Kingdom of Dambadeniya 1220–1272 CE Kingdom of Yapahuwa 1272–1293 CE Kingdom of Kurunegala 1293–1341 CE Kingdom of Gampola 1341–1347 CE Kingdom of Raigama 1347–1415 CE Kingdom of Kotte 1412–1597 CE Kingdom of Sitawaka 1521–1594 CE Kingdom of Kandy 1461–1581 CE Portuguese Ceylon 1505–1658 CE Dutch Ceylon 1656–1796 CE British Ceylon 1815–1948 CE
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 The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several lists of incumbents.

Early mythical and later documented rulers and dynasties who deemed to have ruled a portion of the Indian subcontinent and were based in South Asia will be included in this list.

For more information, see History of South Asia.

Contents

 

[hide] 1 Mythical Bharatha-Puru-Kuru-Pandava Dynasty (c. 1700 BC - 1026 AD) 1.1 Mythical Bharata Dynasty (c. 1700-1400 BC) 1.2 Mythical Puru Dynasty (c. 1400-1200 BC) 1.3 Mythical Kuru Dynasty (c. 1400-450 BC) 1.4 Pandava Dynasty (c.1200-1100BC) 1.5 Janjua Shahi Dynasty (964-1026 AD) 2 Magadhan Kings (c. 1700 BC - 550 AD) 2.1 Brihadratha Dynasty (c. 1700-799 BC) 2.2 Mythical Pradyota dynasty (799-684 BC) 2.3 Mythical Haryanka/Shishunaga Dynasty (684-424 BC) 2.4 Mythical Shakya Dynasty (c. 650-500 BC) 2.5 Nanda Dynasty (424-321 BC) 2.6 Maurya Dynasty (324-184 BC) 2.7 Shunga Dynasty (185-73 BC) 2.8 Kanva Dynasty (73-26 BC) 2.9 Western Kshatrapas 2.10 Gupta Dynasty (c. 240-550 AD) 3 Bana Dynasty rule Magadaimandalam (c.1190-1260 AD) 4 Kadava Dynasty (c. 1216-1279 AD) 5 Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - Present) 5.1 Central Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - 1311 AD) 5.2 Pandalam Dynasty (c.1200) 6 Foreign Emperors in North-Western India (c. 538 BC - 750 AD) 6.1 Persian Achaemenid Dynasty (c. 538-330 BC) 6.2 Argead Dynasty (326-323 BC) 6.3 Seleucid Diadochi (323-321 BC) 6.4 Arab Umayyad Caliphate (711-750 AD) 7 Chera dynasty (c. 400 BC - 1314 AD) 7.1 Ancient Chera Kings (c. 400 BC - 397 AD) 7.2 Kulashekhara Dynasty (1020-1314 AD) 8 Satavahana Dynasty (c. 230 BC - 199 AD) 9 Hellenistic Euthydemid Dynasty (c. 221-85 BC) 10 Chola Dynasty (c. 100 AD - 1279 AD) 10.1 Sangam Cholas (c. 100 AD - 240 AD) 10.2 Chola Emperors (848-1279 AD) 11 Indo-Scythian Rulers (c. 85 BC - 45 AD) 11.1 North-western India (c. 90 BC - 10 AD) 11.2 Apracharaja Rulers (12 BC - 45 AD) 11.3 Mathura area (c. 20 BC - 20 AD) 11.4 Minor local rulers 12 Indo-Parthian Rulers (c. 21-100 AD) 13 Kushana Dynasty (80-225) 14 Pallava Dynasty (275-882) 14.1 Early Pallavas (275-355) 14.2 Middle Pallavas (355-537) 14.3 Later Pallavas (537-882) 15 Kadambas of Banavasi (345-525 AD) 16 Western Ganga dynasty of Talakad (350-1024 AD) 17 Chalukya Dynasty (543-1156) 17.1 Chalukyas of Badami (543-757) 17.2 Chalukyas of Kalyani (973-1156) 18 Shashanka dynasty (600-625) 19 Harsha dynasty (606-647) 20 Rashtrakutas of Manyaketha (735-982) 21 Shahi Dynasty (c. 890-895) 21.1 Brahmin Shahi Dynasty (c. 890-964) 21.2 Janjua Shahi Dynasty (964-1026 AD) 22 Parmaras of Malwa 23 Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri (850 - 1334) 24 Hoysala Dynasty (1000-1346) 25 Kalachuri (Southern) Dynasty (1130 - 1184) 26 THE GREAT MUSLIM RULE 27 [[Delhi Sultanate]] (1206-1526) 27.1 Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (1206-1290) 27.2 Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320) 27.3 Tughlaq Dynasty (1321-1398) 27.4 Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451) 27.5 Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526) 28 Malwa Sultanate 28.1 Ghorids 28.2 Khiljis 28.3 Qadirid 28.4 Shaja'atid 29 Bahmani Sultanate (1322-1527) 30 Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1660) 30.1 Sangama Dynasty (1336-1487) 30.2 Saluva Dynasty (1490-1567) 30.3 Tuluva Dynasty (1542-1614) 31 Koravi Dynasty (??-??) 31.1 Koravi Dynasty 32 Qutb Shahi Dynasty (1518-1687) 33 Mughal Empire (1526-1857) 33.1 Mughal Dynasty (first rule, 1526-1540) 33.2 Suri Dynasty (1540-1555) 33.3 Mughal Dynasty (restored, 1555-1857) 34 Maratha Empire (1674-1818) 34.1 Chhatrapatis at Satara 34.2 Chhatrapatis at Kolhapur 34.3 The Peshwas 34.4 Maharajas of Thanjavur 34.5 Holkar Maharajas Rulers of Indore 34.6 Scindia Rulers of Gwalior 35 The major Muslim vassals of the Mughal/British Paramountcy (1707-1856) 35.1 Nawabs of Bengal (1707-1770) 35.2 Nawabs of Awadh/Oudh (1719-1858) 35.3 Nizams of Hyderabad (1720-1948) 36 Rulers of Mysore/Khudadad (1399-1950) 36.1 Wodeyar Dynasty (First rule, 1399-1782) 36.2 Islamic Rulers of Mysore (1766-1799) 36.3 Wodeyar Dynasty (Restored) (1799-1950) 37 Sikh Empire (1801-1849) 38 Maharaja of Cochin (Perumpadapu Swaroopam 1503 - 1964) 39 British Emperors of India (1877-1947) 40 Kings of India and Pakistan 41 See also 42 Sources and External links

[edit] Mythical Bharatha-Puru-Kuru-Pandava Dynasty (c. 1700 BC - 1026 AD)

Please note that these dates are debated among scholars of Indology.

[edit] Mythical Bharata Dynasty (c. 1700-1400 BC)

• Sudyumna
• Yayati, great-grandson of Sudyumna
• Dushyanta, father of Bharata
• Bharata, son of Dushyanta, India's native name Bharatavarsha (Bharat) is named after him
• Bhimanyu, son of Bharata
• Sudas
• Rsabha
• Srestha
• Vidura
• Bharata Muni
• Artha-Vinirnayah (until c. 1400 BC)

[edit] Mythical Puru Dynasty (c. 1400-1200 BC)

• Puru-rava Aila (from c. 1400 BC), descendant of the Bharata dynasty
• Ayu
• Yayati Nahushya
• Dauhshanti Saudyumni
• Ajamidha
• Riksha
• Trasadasyu
• Samavarana (until c. 1200 BC)

[edit] Mythical Kuru Dynasty (c. 1400-450 BC)

• Kuru-Sravana (from c. 1200 BC), son of Puru king Samavarana, featured in the ancient epic Mahabharata (see Kuru (Hindu mythology))
• Uchchaihsravas Kaupayeya
• Prati sutvana
• Bahlika Pratipeya
• Santanu
• Chitrāngada
• Vichitravirya the last scion of the Kuru dynasty, died issueless.
• Satyavati wife of King Santanu, ruled after Vichitravirya's untimely death.
• Pandu son of sage Rishi Ved Vyasa (who was son of queen Satyavati)
• Dhritarashtra son of sage Rishi Ved Vyasa (who was son of queen Satyavati)

[edit] Pandava Dynasty (c.1200-1100BC)

• Yudhishtra Pandava son of king Pandu succeeded Dhritarashtra after the Kurukshetra war
• Parikshit, featured in the Mahabharata as the grandson of Arjuna Pandava (a central character)
• Janamejaya (until c. 1000 BC), son of Parikshit Pandava
• Korayvya (c. 600-550 BC)
• Dhananjaya (c. 550-500 BC), said to be a descendant of Yudhishtra Pandava (a central character in the Mahabharata)
• Ratthapala (c. 500-450 BC), embraced Buddhism, the Kuru kingdom soon became a republic
• Ambhi (Omphis/Taxiles in Greek) (until c. 320 BC), descendant of the Pandava dynasty, ruled Taxila (Takshashila) in Pakistan, surrendered Taxila to Alexander
• Por (King Porus in Greek Chronicles) (until c. 320 BC), descendant of the Pandava dynasty, ruled Jhelum (Hydaspes) and Chenab in Pakistan, fought Alexander in the Battle of the Hydaspes River
• Malayaketu (c. 320-316 BC), son of Rai Por (Porus), killed in the Battle of Gabiene

[edit] Janjua Shahi Dynasty (964-1026 AD)

• Jayapala (964-1001), son of Asatapala deva, descendant of the Pandava dynasty
• Anandapala (c. 1001-1011), son of Jayapala
• Trilochanpala (c. 1011-1022), son of Anandapala, assassinated in 1021-1022
• Bhímapála (c. 1022-1026), son of Tirlochanpala.

[edit] Magadhan Kings (c. 1700 BC - 550 AD)

[edit] Brihadratha Dynasty (c. 1700-799 BC)

• Brihadratha
• Jarasandha
• Sahadeva
• Somapi (1678-1618 BC)
• Srutasravas (1618-1551 BC)
• Ayutayus (1551-1515 BC)
• Niramitra (1515-1415 BC)
• Sukshatra (1415-1407 BC)
• Brihatkarman (1407-1384 BC)
• Senajit (1384-1361 BC)
• Srutanjaya (1361-1321 BC)
• Vipra (1321-1296 BC)
• Suchi (1296-1238 BC)
• Kshemya (1238-1210 BC)
• Subrata (1210-1150 BC)
• Dharma (1150-1145 BC)
• Susuma (1145-1107 BC)
• Dridhasena (1107-1059 BC)
• Sumati (1059-1026 BC)
• Subhala (1026-1004 BC)
• Sunita (1004-964 BC)
• Satyajit (964-884 BC)
• Biswajit (884-849 BC)
• Ripunjaya (849-799 BC)

[edit] Mythical Pradyota dynasty (799-684 BC)

• Pradyota
• Palaka
• Visakhayupa
• Ajaka
• Varttivarddhana

[edit] Mythical Haryanka/Shishunaga Dynasty (684-424 BC)

• Bimbisara (544-491 BC), founder of the first Magadhan empire
• Ajatashatru (491-461 BC)
• Udayin
• Anirudha
• Mund
• Darshaka (from 461 BC)
• Nagdashak (last ruler of Haryanka dynasty)
• Shishunaga (412-344 BC), established the kingdom of Magadha
• Kakavarna
• Kshemadharman
• Kshatraujas
• Nandivardhana
• Mahanandin (until 424 BC), his empire is inherited by his illegitimate son Mahapadma Nanda

[edit] Mythical Shakya Dynasty (c. 650-500 BC)

• Sinahana
• Suddhodana Gautama (c. 600-500 BC), king of the Shakyas, father of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)
• Maya (c. 600-500 BC), queen of the Shakyas, wife and cousin of Suddhodana, mother of Siddhartha
• Suprahuddha (c. 600-500 BC), lord of Devadaha Castle, brother of Maya, father of princess Yashodhara (wife of Buddha)

[edit] Nanda Dynasty (424-321 BC)

• Mahapadma Nanda (from 424 BC), illegitimate son of Mahanandin, founded the Nanda Empire after inheriting Mahanandin's empire
• Pandhuka
• Panghupati
• Bhutapala
• Rashtrapala
• Govishanaka
• Dashasidkhaka
• Kaivarta
• Dhana (Agrammes, Xandrammes) (until 321 BC), lost his empire to Chandragupta Maurya after being defeated by him

[edit] Maurya Dynasty (324-184 BC)

• Chandragupta Maurya (Sandrakottos) (324-301 BC), founded the Mauryan Empire after defeating both the Nanda Empire and the Macedonian Seleucid Empire, claimed descent from Shakya dynasty
• Bindusara Amitraghata (301-273 BC)
• Ashoka Vardhana (Ashoka the Great) (273-232 BC), considered the greatest ancient Indian emperor, first emperor to unify India (after conquering most of South Asia and Afghanistan), adopt Buddhism, grant animal rights and promote non-violence
• Dasaratha (232-224 BC)
• Samprati (224-215 BC)
• Salisuka (215-202 BC)
• Devavarman (202-195 BC)
• Satadhanvan (195-187 BC), the Mauryan Empire had shrunk by the time of his reign
• Brhadratha (187-184 BC), assassinated by Pusyamitra Shunga

[edit] Shunga Dynasty (185-73 BC)

• Pusyamitra Shunga (185-149 BC), founded the dynasty after assassinating Brhadratha
• Agnimitra (149-141 BC), son and successor of Pusyamitra
• Vasujyeshtha (141-131 BC)
• Vasumitra (131-124 BC)
• Andhraka (124-122 BC)
• Pulindaka (122-119 BC)
• Ghosha
• Vajramitra
• Bhagabhadra, mentioned by the Puranas
• Devabhuti (83-73 BC), last Sunga king

[edit] Kanva Dynasty (73-26 BC)

• Vasudeva (from 73 BC)
• Successors of Vasudeva (until 26 BC)

[edit] Western Kshatrapas

• Nahapana (119-124 AD)
• Castanafl (c 120)
• Rudradaman I (c 130-150)
• Damajadasri I (170-175)
• Jivadaman (175 d 199)
• Rudrasimha I (175-188 d 197)
• Isvaradatta (188-191)
• Rudrasimha I (restored)]] (191-197)
• Jivadaman (restored)]] (197-199)
• Rudrasena I (200-222)
• Samghadaman (222-223)
• Damasena (223-232)
• Damajadasri II (232-239) with
• Viradaman (234-238)
• Yasodaman I (239)
• Vijayasena (239-250)
• Damajadasri III (251-255)
• Rudrasena II (255-277)
• Visvasimha (277-282)
• Bhartridaman (282-295) with
• Visvasena (293-304)
• Rudrasimha II (304-348) with
• Yasodaman II (317-332)
• Rudradaman II (332-348)
• Rudrasena III (348-380)
• Simhasena (380- ?)

[edit] Gupta Dynasty (c. 240-550 AD)

• Sri-Gupta I (c. 240-290)
• Ghatotkacha (290-305)
• Chandra Gupta I (305-335), founder of the Gupta Empire, which is often regarded as the golden age of Indian culture
• Samudra Gupta (335-370)
• Rama Gupta(370-375)
• Chandra Gupta II (Chandragupta Vikramaditya) (375-415), son of Samudra Gupta, the Gupta Empire achieved its zenith under his reign, the Chinese pilgrim Fa-Hsien describes Indian culture during his reign
• Kumara Gupta I (415-455)
• Skanda Gupta (455-467)
• Kumara Gupta II(467-477)
• Buddha Gupta (477-496)
• Chandra Gupta III(496-500)
• Vainya Gupta (500-515)
• Narasimha Gupta(515-530)
• Kumara Gupta III (530-540)
• Vishnu Gupta (c. 540-550)

[edit] Bana Dynasty rule Magadaimandalam (c.1190-1260 AD)

[edit] Kadava Dynasty (c. 1216-1279 AD)

[edit] Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - Present)

[edit] Central Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - 1311 AD)

• Kadunkoen (c. 550-450 BC)
• Pandion (c. 50 BC - 50 AD), known as Pandion to Greeks and Romans

Early Pandyas

• Nedunj Cheliyan I (Aariyap Padai Kadantha Nedunj Cheliyan )
• Pudappandiyan
• Mudukudumi Paruvaludhi
• Nedunj Cheliyan II (Pasumpun Pandiyan)
• Nan Maran
• Nedunj Cheliyan III (Talaiyaalanganathu Seruvendra Nedunj Cheliyan )
• Maran Valudi
• Musiri Mutriya Cheliyan
• Ukkirap Peruvaluthi

First Empire

• Kadungon (c. 600-700 AD), revived the dynasty
• Maravarman Avani Culamani (590 AD - 620 AD)
• Cezhiyan Cendan (620 AD - 640 AD)
• Arikesari Maravarman Nindraseer Nedumaaran (640 AD - 674 AD)
• Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran (675 AD - 730 AD)
• Arikesari Parankusa Maravarman Rajasinga (730 AD - 765 AD)
• Parantaka Nedunjadaiyan (765 AD - 790 AD)
• Rasasingan II (790 AD - 800 AD)
• Varagunan I (800 AD - 830 AD)
• Sirmara Srivallabha (830 AD - 862 AD)
• Varaguna II (862 AD - 880 AD)
• Parantaka Viranarayana (862 AD - 905 AD)
• Rajasima Pandian II (905 AD - 920 AD)

Pandyan Revival

• Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan (1251-1268), revived Pandyan glory, considered one of the greatest conquerors of Southern India
• Maravarman Sundara Pandyan
• Maravarman Kulasekaran I (1268-1308)
• Sundara Pandya (1308-1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother Vira Pandya over the throne
• Vira Pandya (1308-1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother of Sundara Pandya over the throne, Madurai was conquered by the Khilji dynasty

[edit] Pandalam Dynasty (c.1200)

• Raja Rajasekhara (c. 1200-1500), descendant of the Pandya Dynasty, father of Ayyappan (often regarded as a Hindu deity)

[edit] Foreign Emperors in North-Western India (c. 538 BC - 750 AD)

These empires were vast, centered in Persia or the Mediterranean; their satrapies (provinces) in India were at their outskirts.

[edit] Persian Achaemenid Dynasty (c. 538-330 BC)

• Cyrus the Great (c. 538-529 BC), established the Achaemenid Empire, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan
• Cambyses II (530-521 BC)
• Smerdis (521 BC)
• Darius I (521-486 BC)
• Xerxes I (486-465 BC)
• Artaxerxes I (474-424 BC)
• Xerxes II (424-423 BC)
• Sogdianus (424-423 BC)
• Darius II (424-404 BC)
• Artaxerxes II (404-358 BC)
• Artaxerxes III (358-338 BC)
• Artaxerxes IV Arses (338-336 BC)
• Darius III Codomannus (336-330 BC), defeated by King Alexander the Great (who replaces the Achaemenid Empire with the Macedonian Empire)

[edit] Argead Dynasty (326-323 BC)

• Alexander the Great (326-323 BC), founded the Macedonian Empire after conquering the Achaemenid Empire, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan, fought Porus (Purushottama) in the Battle of the Hydaspes River; his empire is quickly divided amongst the so-called diadochoi

[edit] Seleucid Diadochi (323-321 BC)

• Seleucus Nicator (323-321 BC), diadochos general who founded the Seleucid Empire in the eastern part of the Macedonian empire after gaining control following Alexander's death, loses his territories in Pakistan and Afghanistan after being defeated by Chandragupta Maurya (Sandrakottos)

[edit] Arab Umayyad Caliphate (711-750 AD)

• Muhammad bin Qasim (711-715), an Arab general, conquered Sindh, Balochistan and southern Punjab and ruled these lands on behalf of the Ummayyid Caliph (political and spiritual leader of Islam), Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik
• Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik (715-717)
• Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (717–720)
• Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik (720–724)
• Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik (724–743)
• al-Walid ibn Yazid (743–744)
• Yazid ibn al-Walid (744)
• Ibrahim ibn al-Walid (744)
• Marwan II ibn Muhammad (744–750)

[edit] Chera dynasty (c. 400 BC - 1314 AD)

[edit] Ancient Chera Kings (c. 400 BC - 397 AD)

• Udiyancheralatan
• Antuvancheral
• Imayavaramban Nedun-Cheralatan (56-115 AD)
• Cheran Chenkutuvan (from 115)
• Palyanai Sel-Kelu Kuttuvan (115-130)
• Poraiyan Kadungo (from 115)
• Kalankai-Kanni Narmudi Cheral (115-140)
• Vel-Kelu Kuttuvan (130-185)
• Selvak-Kadungo (131-155)
• Adukotpattu Cheralatan (140-178)
• Kuttuvan Irumporai (178-185)
• Tagadur Erinda Perumcheral (185-201)
• Yanaikat-sey Mantaran Cheral (201-241)
• Ilamcheral Irumporai (241-257)
• Perumkadungo (257-287)
• Ilamkadungo (287-317)
• Kanaikal Irumporai (367-397)

[edit] Kulashekhara Dynasty (1020-1314 AD)

• Rama Varma Kulashekhara (1020-1102), descendant of the Cheras
• Ravi Varma Kulashekhara (c. 1250-1314), last of the Cheras

[edit] Satavahana Dynasty (c. 230 BC - 199 AD)

• Simuka (c. 230-207 BC)
• Kanha (or Krishna) (207-189 BC)
• Satakarni I
• Hala (20-24 AD)
• Gautamiputra Satakarni (106-130)
• Vashishtiputra Pulumayi (130-158)
• Vashishtiputra Satakarni (c. 158-170)
• Sri Yajna Satakarni (c. 170-199)

[edit] Hellenistic Euthydemid Dynasty (c. 221-85 BC)

Unlike the far larger empires of Alexander the Great and his Seleukid diadoch, centered in the region

• Euthydemus I (c. 221-206 BC), Greco-Bactrian king
• Demetrius I (c. 200–170 BC), son of Euthydemus I, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan
• Apollodotus I (180-160 BC), successor of Demetrius
• Agathocles (190-180 BC)
• Pantaleon (190-185 BC)
• Apollodotus I (reigned c. 180–160 BC)
• Antimachus II Nikephoros (160-155 BC)
• Demetrius II (155-150 BC)
• Menander I (c. 150–135 BC)
• Agathokleia (c. 135-125 BC), probably widow of Menander, queen-mother and regent for her son Strato
• Strato I (125-110 BC), son of Menander and Agathokleia
• Heliokles II (110-100 BC)
• Polyxenios (c. 100 BC), possibly in Gandhara
• Demetrius III Aniketos (c. 100 BC)
• Amyntas (95-90 BC)
• Peukolaos (c. 90 BC)
• Menander II Dikaios "The Just" (90 - 85 BC)
• Archebios (90-85 BC)

[edit] Chola Dynasty (c. 100 AD - 1279 AD)

[edit] Sangam Cholas (c. 100 AD - 240 AD)

• Ilamcetcenni c.100 AD
• Karikala Chola c.120 AD
• Nedunkilli c.150 AD
• Nalankilli c.150 AD
• Killivalavan c. 200 AD
• Perunarkilli c. 300 AD
• Kocengannan c. 220 AD

[edit] Chola Emperors (848-1279 AD)

• Vijayalaya Chola (848-881), founder of the Chola Empire
• Aditya (871-907)
• Parantaka I (907-955)
• Gandaraditya (950-957)
• Arinjaya (956-957)
• Parantaka Chola II (957-970)
• Uttama Chola (973-985)
• Rajaraja Chola I (985-1014), considered the greatest of all Cholas, expanded the Chola Empire overseas to Sri Lanka
• Rajendra Chola I (1012-1044), expanded the Chola Empire overseas to South-East Asia
• Rajadhiraja Chola I (1018-1054)
• Rajendra Chola II (1051-1063)
• Virarajendra Chola (1063-1070)
• Athirajendra Chola (1067-1070)
• Vikkrama Chola (1118-1135)
• Kulotunga Chola II (1133-1150)
• Rajaraja Chola II (1146-1163)
• Rajadiraja Chola II (1163-1178)
• Kulothunga Chola III (1178-1218)
• Rajaraja Chola III (1216-1256)
• Rajendra Chola III (1246-1279), last of the Cholas

[edit] Indo-Scythian Rulers (c. 85 BC - 45 AD)

[edit] North-western India (c. 90 BC - 10 AD)

• Maues (c. 85-60 BC)
• Vonones (c. 75-65 BC)
• Spalahores (c. 75-65 BC)
• Spalarises (c. 60-57 BC)
• Azes I (c. 57-35 BC)
• Azilises (c. 57-35 BC)
• Azes II (c. 35-12 BC)
• Zeionises (c. 10 BC - 10 AD)
• Kharahostes (c. 10 BC - 10 AD)
• Hajatria
• Liaka Kusuluka, satrap of Chuksa
• Kusulaka Patika, satrap of Chuksa and son of Liaka Kusulaka

[edit] Apracharaja Rulers (12 BC - 45 AD)

• Vijayamitra (12 BC - 15 AD)
• Itravasu (c. 20 AD)
• Aspavarma (15-45 AD)

[edit] Mathura area (c. 20 BC - 20 AD)

• Hagamasha (satrap)
• Hagana (satrap)
• Rajuvula (Great Satrap) (c. 10 AD)
• Sodasa, son of Rajuvula

[edit] Minor local rulers

• Bhadrayasha Niggas
• Mamvadi
• Arsakes

[edit] Indo-Parthian Rulers (c. 21-100 AD)

• Gondophares I (c. 21-50)
• Abdagases I (c. 50-65)
• Satavastres (c. 60)
• Sarpedones (c.70)
• Orthagnes (c. 70)
• Ubouzanes (c. 77)
• Sases or Gondophares II (c. 85)
• Abdagases II (c. 90)
• Pakores (c. 100)

[edit] Kushana Dynasty (80-225)

• Vima Takto (c. 80–105), alias Soter Megas or "Great Saviour."
• Vima Kadphises (c. 105-127), the first great Kushan emperor
• Kanishka I (127–147)
• Vāsishka (c. 151–155)
• Huvishka (c. 155–187)
• Vasudeva I (c. 191–225), the last of the great Kushan emperors

[edit] Pallava Dynasty (275-882)

[edit] Early Pallavas (275-355)

• Simha Varman I (275-300 or 315-345)
• Skanda Varman I (345-355)

[edit] Middle Pallavas (355-537)

• Visnugopa (350-355)
• Kumaravisnu I (355-370)
• Skanda Varman II 370-385)
• Vira Varman (385-400)
• Skanda Varman III (400-438)
• Simha Varman II (438-460)
• Skanda Varman IV (460-480)
• Nandi Varman I (480-500)
• Kumaravisnu II (c. 500-510)
• Buddha Varman (c. 510-520)
• Kumaravisnu III (c. 520-530)
• Simha Varman III (c. 530-537)

[edit] Later Pallavas (537-882)

• Simha Vishnu (537-570)
• Mahendra Varman I (571-630)
• Narasimha Varman (Mamalla) (630-668)
• Mahendra Varman II (668-672)
• Paramesvara Varman (672-700)
• Narasimha Varman (Raja Simha) 700-728)
• Parameswaran II (705-710)
• Nandi Varman II (732-796)
• Thandi Varman (775-825)
• Nandi Varman III (825-869)
• Nirupathungan (869-882)

[edit] Kadambas of Banavasi (345-525 AD)

• Mayura Sharma (Varma) (345-365)
• Kangavarma (365-390)
• Bagitarha (390-415)
• Raghu (415-435)
• Kakusthavarma (435-455)
• Santivarma (455-460)
• Mrigeshavarma (460-480)
• Shivamandhativarma (480-485)
• Ravivarma (485-519)
• Harivarma (519-525)

[edit] Western Ganga dynasty of Talakad (350-1024 AD)

• Konganivarma Madhava 350 - 370
• Madhava II 370 - 390
• Harivarman 390 - 410
• Vishnugopa 410 - 430
• Tadangala Madhava 430 - 466
• Avinita 466 - 495
• Durvinita 495 - 535
• Mushkara 535 - 585
• Srivikrama 585 - 635
• Bhuvikarma 635 - 679
• Shivamara I 679 - 725
• Sripurusha 725 - 788
• Shivamara II 788 - 816
• Rajamalla I 817 - 853
• Nitimarga Ereganga 853 - 869
• Rajamalla II 870 - 907 AD
• Ereyappa Nitimarga II 907 - 919
• Narasimhadeva 919 - 925
• Rajamalla III 925 - 935
• Butuga II 935 - 960
• Takkolam in 949
• Maruladeva 960 - 963
• Marasimha III 963 - 974
• Rajamalla IV 974 - 985
• Rakkasa Ganga 985 - 1024

[edit] Chalukya Dynasty (543-1156)

[edit] Chalukyas of Badami (543-757)

• Pulakesi I (543-566)
• Kirtivarman I (566-597)
• Mangalesa (597-609)
• Pulakesi II (609-642)
• Vikramaditya I (655-680)
• Vinayaditya (680-696)
• Vijayaditya (696-733)
• Vikramaditya II (733-746)
• Kirtivarman II (746-757)

[edit] Chalukyas of Kalyani (973-1156)

• Tailapa Ahavamalla (973-997)
• Satyasraya Irivabedanga (997-1008)
• Vikramaditya V (1008-1014)
• Ayyana (1014-1015)
• Jayasimha II (1015-1042)
• Someshvara I (1042-1068)
• Someshvara II (1068-1076)
• Vikramaditya VI (1076-1127)
• Someshvara III (1127-1138)
• Jagadekamalla (1138-1151)
• Tailapa (1151-1156)
• Someshwara IV (1183-1189)

[edit] Shashanka dynasty (600-625)

• Shashanka (600-625), first recorded independent king of Bengal, created the first unified political entity in Bengal

[edit] Harsha dynasty (606-647)

• Harsha Vardhana (606-647), unified Northern India and ruled it for over 40 years, he was the last non-Muslim emperor to rule a unified Northern India

[edit] Rashtrakutas of Manyaketha (735-982)

• Dantidurga (735-756)
• Krishna I (756-774)
• Govinda II (774-780)
• Dhruva Dharavarsha (780-793)
• Govinda III (793-814)
• Amoghavarsha I (814-878)
• Krishna II Akalavarsha (878-914)
• Indra III (914-929)
• Amoghavarsha II (929-930)
• Govinda IV (930-935)
• Amoghavarsha III (934-939)
• Krishna III (939-967)
• Khottiga Amoghavarsha (967-972)
• Karka II Amoghhavarsha IV (972-973)
• Indra IV (973-982), only a claimer for the lost throne.

[edit] Shahi Dynasty (c. 890-895)

[edit] Brahmin Shahi Dynasty (c. 890-964)

• Lalliya (c. 890-895)
• Kamaluka (895-921)
• Bhima (921-964), son of Kamaluka

[edit] Janjua Shahi Dynasty (964-1026 AD)

• Jayapala (964-1001)
• Anandapala (1001-1011)
• Trilochanpala (1011-1022)
• Bhímapála (1022-1026)

[edit] Parmaras of Malwa

• Upendra (c 800-c 818)
• Vairisimha I (c 818-c 843)
• Siyaka I (c 843-c 893)
• Vakpati (c 893-c 918)
• Vairisimha II (c 918-c 948)
• Siyaka II (c 948-c 974)
• Vakpatiraja (c 974-c 995)
• Sindhuraja (c 995-c 1010)
• Bhoja I (c 1010-c 1055)
• Jayasimha I (c 1055-c 1060)
• Udayaditya (c 1060-c 1087)
• Lakshmanadeva (c 1087-c 1097)
• Naravarman (c 1097-c 1134)
• Yasovarman (c 1134-c 1142)
• Jayavarman I (c 1142-c 1160)
• Vindhyavarman (c 1160-c 1193)
• Subhatavarman (c 1193-c 1210)
• Arjunavarman I (c 1210-c 1218)
• Devapala (c 1218-c 1239)
• Jaitugideva (c 1239-c 1256)
• Jayavarman II (c 1256-c 1269)
• Jayasimha II (c 1269-c 1274)
• Arjunavarman II (c 1274-c 1283)
• Bhoja II (c 1283- ?)
• Mahlakadeva (c ? -c 1305)

[edit] Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri (850 - 1334)

• Dridhaprahara
• Seunachandra 850 - 874 C.E.
• Dhadiyappa 874 - 900 C.E.
• Bhillama I 900 - 925 C.E.
• Vadugi (Vaddiga) 950 - 974 C.E.
• Dhadiyappa II 974 - 975 C.E.
• Bhillama II 975 - 1005 C.E.
• Vesugi I 1005 - 1020 C.E.
• Bhillama III 1020 - 1055 C.E.
• Vesugi II 1055 - 1068 C.E.
• Bhillama III 1068 C.E.
• Seunachandra II 1068 - 1085 C.E.
• Airamadeva 1085 - 1115 C.E.
• Singhana I 1115 - 1145 C.E.
• Mallugi I 1145 - 1150 C.E.
• Amaragangeyya 1150 - 1160 C.E.
• Govindaraja 1160
• Amara Mallugi II 1160 - 1165 C.E.
• Kaliya Ballala 1165 - 1173 C.E.
• Bhillama V 1173 - 1192 C.E., Proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya
• Jaitugi I 1192 - 1200 C.E.
• Singhana II 1200 - 1247 C.E.
• Kannara 1247 - 1261 C.E.
• Mahadeva 1261 - 1271 C.E.
• Amana 1271 C.E.
• Ramachandra 1271 - 1312 C.E.
• Singhana III 1312 - 1313 C.E.
• Harapaladeva 1313 - 1318 C.E.
• Mallugi III 1318 - 1334 C.E.

[edit] Hoysala Dynasty (1000-1346)

• Nripa Kama (1000-1045)
• Vinayaditya I (1045-1098)
• Ereyanga (1098-1100)
• Ballala (1100-1108)
• Vishnuvardhana (1108-1142)
• Narasimha I (1142-1173), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya
• Ballala II (1173-1220)
• Narasimha II (1220-1235)
• Vira Someshwara (1235-1253)
• Narasimha III and Ramanatha (1253-1295)
• Ballala III (1295-1342)

[edit] Kalachuri (Southern) Dynasty (1130 - 1184)

• Bijjala II (1130-1167): proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukyas in 1162AD.
• Sovideva (1168 - 1176)
• Mallugi --> overthrown by brother Sankama
• Sankama (1176 - 1180)
• Ahavamalla (1180-83)
• Singhana (1183-84)

[edit] THE GREAT MUSLIM RULE

[edit] [[Delhi Sultanate]] (1206-1526)

Despite the name, the capital was repeatedly elsewhere than Delhi city, not always near

[edit] Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (1206-1290)

• Qutb-ud-din Aybak (1206-1210)
• Aram Shah (1210-1211)
• Shams-ud-din Iltutmish (1211-1236)
• Rukn-ud-din Firuz (1236)
• Raziyyat ud din Sultana (1236-1240)
• Muiz-ud-din Bahram (1240-1242)
• Ala-ud-din Masud (1242-1246)
• Nasir-ud-din Mahmud (1246-1266)
• Ghiyas-ud-din Balban (1266-1286)
• Muiz-ud-din Qaiqabad (1286-1290)

[edit] Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320)

• Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji (1290-1296), founder of the Khilji dynasty, defeated some invading Mongol armies
• Ala ud din Khilji (1296-1316), considered the greatest of the Delhi Sultans, unified India and defeated a number of invading Mongol armies
• Qutb ud din Mubarak Shah (1316-1320), the Delhi Sultanate had shrunk during his reign

[edit] Tughlaq Dynasty (1321-1398)

• Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq (1321-1325)
• Muhammad bin Tughluq (1325-1351)
• Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351-1388)
• Ghiyath al-Din Tughlaq II (1388-1389)
• Abu Baker (1389-1390)
• Nasir al-Din Muhammad (1390-1394)
• Mahmud Nasir al-Din (Sultan Mahmud) at Delhi (1394-1413)
• Nusrat Shah at Firuzabad

Invasion of Timur in 1398 and the end of the Tughluq Dynasty as known earlier.

[edit] Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451)

• Khizr (1414-1421)
• Mubarik II (1421-1434)
• Muhamed IV (1434-1445)
• Alem I (1445-1451)

[edit] Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526)

• Bahlul Khan Lodi (1451-1489)
• Sikandar Lodi (1489-1517)
• Ibrahim Lodi (1517-1526), defeated by Babur (who replaces the Delhi Sultanate with the Mughal Empire)

[edit] Malwa Sultanate

[edit] Ghorids

• Dilavar Khan Husain (1390-1405)
• Alp Khan Hushang (1405-1435)
• Ghazni Khan Muhamnmad (1435-1436)
• Mas'ud Khan (1436)

[edit] Khiljis

• Mahmud Shah I (1436-1469)
• Ghiyath Shah (1469-1500)
• Nasr Shah (1500-1511)
• Mahmud Shah II (1511-1531)

Under Gujarat (1531-1535)

[edit] Qadirid

• Qadir Shah (1535-1542)

Under Mughal Empure (1542-1555) (see Mughal Empire)

[edit] Shaja'atid

• Shaja'at Khan (1555)
• Miyan Bayezid Baz Bahadur (1555-1562)

[edit] Bahmani Sultanate (1322-1527)

• Ala ud din Bahman Shah (1347-1358), establishes capital at Gulbarga
• Muhammad Shah I (1358-1375)
• Ala ud din Mujahid Shah (1375-1378)
• Daud Shah I (1378)
• Muhammad Shah II (1378-1397)
• Ghiyas ud din Tahmatan Shah (1397)
• Shams ud din Daud Shah II (1397)
• Taj ud din Feroz Shah (1397-1422)
• Shahab ud din Ahmad Shah I (1422-1435) establishes capital at Bidar
• Ala ud din Ahmad Shah II (1436-1458)
• Ala ud din Humayun Shah (1458-1461)
• Nizam ud din Ahmad Shah III (1461-1463)
• Shams ud din Muhammad Shah III (1463-1482)
• Mahmud Shah (1482-1518)
• Ahmad Shah IV (1518-1521)
• Ala ud din Shah (1521-1522)
• Waliullah Shah (1522-1524)
• Kalimullah Shah (1524-1527)

[edit] Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1660)

[edit] Sangama Dynasty (1336-1487)

• Harihara I (Deva Raya) 1336-1343
• Bukka I (1343-1379)
• Harihara II(1379-1399)
• Bukka II (1399-1406)
• Deva Raya I(1406-1412)
• Vira Vijaya(1412-1419)
• Deva Raya II(1419-1444)
• (Notknown)(1444-1449)
• Mallikarjuna(1452-1465)
• Rajasekhara (1468-1469)
• Virupaksha I(1470-1471)
• Praudha Deva Raya(1476-?)
• Rajasekhara (1479-1480)
• Virupaksha II (1483-1484)
• Rajasekhara (1486-1487)

[edit] Saluva Dynasty (1490-1567)

• Narasimha (1490-1503)
• Narasa (Vira Narasimha) (1503-1509)
• Krishnadevaraya (1509-1530)
• Achyuta (1530-1542)
• Sadasiva (1542-1567)

[edit] Tuluva Dynasty (1542-1614)

• Rama (1542-1565)
• Tirumala (1565-1567)
• Tirumala (1567-1575)
• Ranga II (1575-1586)
• Venkata I (1586-1614)

[edit] Koravi Dynasty (??-??)

[edit] Koravi Dynasty

• Raja Sangappa II
• Veera Basappa I
• Shri Murusavirappa I
• Jagadisha Ramappa II

[edit] Qutb Shahi Dynasty (1518-1687)

• Sultan Quli Qutbl Mulk (1518 - 1543)
• Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah (1543 - 1550)
• Subhan Quli Qutb Shah (1550)
• Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah (1550 - 1580)
• Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (1580 - 1612)
• Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah (1612 - 1626)
• Abdullah Qutb Shah (1626 - 1672)
• Abul Hasan Qutb Shah (1672 - 1687)

[edit] Mughal Empire (1526-1857)

[edit] Mughal Dynasty (first rule, 1526-1540)

• Zahir ud din Muhammad Babur (1526-1530), descendant of Mongol conqueror Timur, establishes the Mughal Empire (one of the 3 earliest gunpowder empires) after defeating the Delhi Sultanate
• Nasir ud din Muhammad Humayun (1530-1540), temporarily loses his empire to usurper Sher Shah after being defeated by him

[edit] Suri Dynasty (1540-1555)

• Sher Shah (1540-1545), seizes the Mughal Empire after defeating the second Mughal Emperor Humayun
• Islam Shah Suri (1545-1553)
• Adil Shah (1553-1555), loses the empire to the chased Mughal Humayun who defeated and chased him

[edit] Mughal Dynasty (restored, 1555-1857)

• Nasir ud din Muhammad Humayun (1555-1556), restores his empire after defeating Suri-ruler Adil Shah
• Jalal ud din Muhammad Akbar (Akbar the Great) (1556-1605), considered the greatest of all Mughals, unified India ('Hind') under the Mughal Empire
• Nur ud din Muhammad Jahangir (1605-1627), known in legends as Shehzada Salim
• Dawar Baksh (1627-1628) was a stop gap arrangement till Shihab-ud-din Shah Jahan (1627-1657) took over.
• Shihab-ud-din Shah Jahan (1627-1657), built the Taj Mahal, which is often regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the World
• Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir (1658-1707), expanded the Mughal Empire to its greatest extent, ruling over most of South Asia and Afghanistan
• Bahadur Shah I (1707-1712)
• Jahandar Shah (1712-1713)
• Farrukh Siyar (1713-1719)
• Rafi ud Darajat (1719)
• Rafi ud Daulah (1719)
• Nikusiyar (1719)
• Muhammad Shah (First rule, 1719-1720)
• Muhammad Ibrahim (1720)
• Muhammad Shah (Restored) (1720-1748)
• Ahmad Shah Bahadur (1748-1754)
• Alamgir II (1754-1759)
• Shah Jahan III (1760)
• Shah Alam II (1759-1806)
• Akbar Shah II (1806-1837)
• Bahadur Shah II (1837-1857)

[edit] Maratha Empire (1674-1818)

• Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj (Born on 19- February - 1630, Crowned on 6 - June 1674 and dies on 3 - April - 1680 )
• Chhatrapati Sambhaji (1680-1688), elder son of Shivaji
• Chhatrapati Rajaram (1688-1700), younger son of Shivaji
  • Rajmata Tarabai, regent (1700-1707), widow of Chhatrapati Rajaram
• Chhatrapati Shivaji II (b.1796, ruled 1700-14); first of the Kolhapur Chhatrapatis

Empire divided between two branches of the family c.1707-10 AD; division formalized in AD 1731.

[edit] Chhatrapatis at Satara

• Chattrapati Shahu Maharaj (b.1682, r.1707-1749)
• Rajaram II of Satara (b.1749, r.1749-77)
• Shahu II of Satara (r.1777-1810)
• Chhatrapati Pratapsinh of Satara (b.1793, r.1810-39)

State annexed by the British in 1839

[edit] Chhatrapatis at Kolhapur

• Chhatrapati Shivaji II (b.1696, ruled 1700-14)
• Sambhaji II of Kolhapur (b.1698, r.1714-60)
  • Rajmata Jijibai, regent (1760-73), senior widow of Sambhaji II
  • Rajmata Durgabai, regent (1773-79), junior widow of Sambhaji II
• Shahu Shivaji II of Kolhapur (r.1762-1813); adopted by Jijibai, his predecessor's senior widow
• Sambhaji III of Kolhapur (b.1801, r.1813-21)
• Shivaji III of Kolhapur (b.1816, r.1821-22) (council of regency)
• Shahaji I of Kolhapur (b.1802, r.1822-38)
• Shivaji IV of Kolhapur (b.1830, r.1838-66)
• Rajaram I of Kolhapur (r.1866-70)
  • Council of regency (1870-94)
• Shivaji V of Kolhapur (b.1863, r.1871-83); adopted by his predecessor's widow
• Rajarshi Shahu IV of Kolhapur (b.1874, r.1884-1922); adopted by his predecessor's widow
• Rajaram II of Kolhapur (b.1897 r.1922-40)
  • Indumati Tarabai of Kolhapur, regent (1940-47), widow of Rajaram II
• Shivaji VI of Kolhapur (b.1941, r.1941-46); adopted by his predecessor's widow
• Shahaji II of Kolhapur (b.1910, r.1947-47, d.1983); formerly Maharaja of Dewas Senior; adopted by Indumati Tarabai, widow of Rajaram II

State acceded unto the dominion of India following the independence of India in 1947.

[edit] The Peshwas

Technically they were not monarchs, but hereditary prime ministers, though in fact they ruled instead of the Maharaja, and were hegemon of the mahratta confederation

• Balaji Vishwanath (1713-2april 1720) (b.1660, died 2april 1720)
• Peshwa Bajirao I (17 April 1720-28 April 1740) (b.18 aug.1700, died 28 April 1740)
• Balaji Bajirao (4 July 1740-23 June 1761) (b.8 dec.1721, d. 23 jun.1761)
• Madhavrao Ballal (1761-18 nov.1772) (b.16 feb.1745, d. 18 nob.1772)
• Narayanrao Bajirao (13 dec.1772-30 aug.1773) (b.10 aug.1755, d. 30 aug.1773)
• Raghunath Rao Bajirao (5 dec.1773-1774) (b.18 aug.1734, d. 11 dec.1783)
• Sawai Madhavrao (1774-27 oct.1795) (b.18 April 1774, d. 27 oct.1795)
• Baji Rao II (6 dec.1796-3 June 1818) (d. 28 jan.1851)
• Nana Sahib (1 July 1857-1858) (b.19 May 1825, d. 24 sep.1859)

[edit] Maharajas of Thanjavur

Descended from a brother of Shivaji; ruled independently and had no formal relationship with the Maratha Empire.

• Ekoji I
• Shahuji I of Thanjavur
• Serfoji I
• Tukkoji
• Ekoji II
• Sujanbai
• Shahuji II of Thanjavur
• Pratapsingh of Thanjavur (r.1737-63)
• Tulojirao Bhonsle of Thanjavur (b.1738, r.1763-87), elder son of Pratapasimha
• Serfoji II of Thanjavur (r.1787-93 & 1798-99, d.1832); adoptive son of Tuloji Bhonsle
• Ramaswami Amarasimha Bhonsle (r.1793-98); younger son of Pratapasimha

State was annexed by the British in 1799

[edit] Holkar Maharajas Rulers of Indore

1. Malharrao Holkar (I) (r. 2 November 1731 - 19 May 1766)
2. Malerao Khanderao Holkar (r. 23 August 1766 - 5 April 1767)
3. Punyaslok Rajmata Ahilyadevi Holkar (as a regent) (r. 5 April 1767 - 13 August 1795)
4. Tukojirao Holkar (I) (r. 13 August 1795 - 29 January 1797)
5. Kashirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 29 January 1797 - 1798)
6. Yashwantrao Holkar (I) (r. 1798 - 27.11.1811)
7. Malharrao Yashwantrao Holkar (III) (r. November 1811 - 27 October 1833)
8. Martandrao Malharrao Holkar (r. 17 January 1834 - 2 February 1834)
9. Harirao Vitthojirao Holkar (r. 17 April 1834 - 24 October 1843)
10. Khanderao Harirao Holkar (r. 13 November 1843 - 17 February 1844)
11. Tukojirao Gandharebhau Holkar (II) (r. 27 June 1844 - 17 June 1886)
12. Shivajirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 17 June 1886 - 31 January 1903)
13. Tukojirao Shivajirao Holkar (III) (r. 31 January 1903 - 26 February 1926)
14. Yashwantrao Holkar (II) (r. 26 February 1926 - 1961)
15. Usha Devi Maharaj Sahiba Holkar XV Bahadur, Maharani of Indore (r. 1961 - present)

Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India.

[edit] Scindia Rulers of Gwalior

• Ranojirao Scindia, Patil of Kanherkheda near Satara
• Jayappa Scindia, (d.1755) established rule over much of north India
• Janakappa I Scindia, (r.1755-1761)
  • Interregnum
• Mahadji Shinde (r.1768-94)
• Daulatrao Scindia, (r.1794-1827)
• Janakappa II Scindia, (b.1805, r.1827-43) adopted by his predecessor's widow
• Jayajirao Scindia (b.1835, r.1843-66)
• Madhavrao Scindia II (b.1876, r.1886-1925)
• Jivajirao Scindia (b.1916, r.1925-47, d.1961)

Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India.

[edit] The major Muslim vassals of the Mughal/British Paramountcy (1707-1856)

[edit] Nawabs of Bengal (1707-1770)

• Murshid Quli Jafar Khan (1707-1727)
• Sujauddin Khan (1727-1739)
• Sarfraz Khan (1739-1740)
• Alivardi Khan (1740-1756)
• Siraj Ud Daulah (1756-1757)
• Mir Jafar (1757-1760)
• Mir Qasim (1760-1763)
• Mir Jafar (1763-1765)
• Najm ud Daulah (1765-1766)
• Saif ud Daulah (1766-1770)

[edit] Nawabs of Awadh/Oudh (1719-1858)

• Saadat Khan (1719-1737)
• Safdar Jang (1737-1753)
• Shuja-ud-Daula (1753-1775)
• Asaf-Ud-Daula (1775-1797)
• Wazir Ali Khan(1797-1798)
• Saadat Ali Khan (1798-1814)
• Ghaziuddin Haider (1814-1827)
• Nasiruddin Haider (1827-1837)
• Muhammad Ali Shah (1837-1842)
• Amjad Ali Shah (1842-1847)
• Wajid Ali Shah (1847-1856)
• Birjis Qadra (1856-1858)

[edit] Nizams of Hyderabad (1720-1948)

• Mir Qamaruddin Khan, Nizal ul Mulk, Asif Jah I (1720-1748)
• Mir Ahmed Ali Khan Nasir Jang Nazam-ud-Dowlah (1748-1750)
• Nawab Hidayat Mohuddin Sa'adu'llah Khan Bahadur, Muzaffar Jang (1750-1751)
• Nawab Syed Mohammed Khan, Amir ul Mulk, Salabat Jang (1751-1762)
• Nawab Mir Nizam Ali Khan Bahadur, Nizam ul Mulk, Asif Jah II (1762-1803)
• Nawab Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikandar Jah, Asif Jah III (1803-1829)
• Nawab Mir Farkhonda Ali Khan Nasir-ud-Daulah, Asif Jah IV (1829-1857)
• Nawab Mir Tahniat Ali Khan Afzal ud Daulah, Asif Jah V (1857-1869)
• Nawab Mir Mahboob Ali Khan, Asif Jah VI (1869-1911)
• Nawab Mir Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII (1911-1948)

[edit] Rulers of Mysore/Khudadad (1399-1950)

[edit] Wodeyar Dynasty (First rule, 1399-1782)

• Yaduraya (1399–1423)
• Hiriya Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar I (1423–1459)
• Thimmaraja Wodeyar I (1459–1478)
• Hiriya Chamaraja Wodeyar II (1478–1513)
• Hiriya bettada Chamaraja III Wodeyar (1513–1553)
• Thimmaraja Wodeyar II (1553–1572)
• Bola Chamaraja Wodeyar IV (1572–1576)
• Bettada Devaraja Wodeyar (1576–1578)
• Raja Wodeyar I (1578–1617)
• Chamaraja Wodeyar V (1617–1637).
• Raja II Wodeyar (1637–1638)
• (Ranadhira) Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar I (1638–1659)
• Dodda Devaraja Wodeyar (1659–1673)
• Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar (1673–1704)
• Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar II (1704–1714)
• Dodda Krishnaraja Wodeyar (1714–1732)
• Chamaraja Wodeyar VI (1732–1734)
• (Immadi) Krishnaraja II Wodeyar (1734–1766)
• Nanajaraja Wodeyar (1766–1770)
• Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar VII (1770–1776)
• Khasa Chamaraja Wodeyar VIII (1766–1782), he was still king while Hyder Ali was the ruler of Mysore

Reign of the Kings of Mysore (Wodeyar line) is interrupted by the reigns of Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan.

[edit] Islamic Rulers of Mysore (1766-1799)

• Hyder Ali (1766-1782), Muslim commander deposing the Hindu Maharaja, fought the British and Nizams of Hyderabad in the first 2 Anglo-Mysore Wars
• Tipu Sultan (Tiger of Mysore) (1782-1799), son of Hyder Ali, considered the greatest ruler of Mysore, assumed the novel style Badshah bahadur of Khudadad (thus claiming the paramountcy of India instead of the Mughal 'mere' Badhshah), fought the British, Marathas and Nizams of Hyderabad in the 4 Anglo-Mysore Wars (where he invented iron rockets), allied to the French, and lost everything

[edit] Wodeyar Dynasty (Restored) (1799-1950)

• (Mummudi) Krishnaraja III Wodeyar (1799 - 1868)
• Chamaraja Wodeyar IX (1868 - 1894)
• H.H. Vani Vilas Sannidhana, queen of Chamaraja Wodeyar IX served as regent from 1894 to 1902
• (Nalvadi) Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV (1894 - 1940)
• Jayachamaraja Wodeyar Bahadur (1940 - 1950)

[edit] Sikh Empire (1801-1849)

• Maharaja Ranjit Singh (b.1780, Crowned April 12, 1801, d.1839)
• Kharak Singh (b.1801, d.1840), Eldest son of Ranjit Singh.
• Nau Nihal Singh (b.1821, d.1840), Grandson of Ranjit Singh.
• Sher Singh (b.1807, d.1843), Son of Ranjit Singh.
• Duleep Singh (b.1838, Crowned 1843, d.1893), Youngest son of Ranjit Singh.

The British Empire annexed Punjab in c.1845-49 AD; after two Anglo Sikh Wars

[edit] Maharaja of Cochin (Perumpadapu Swaroopam 1503 - 1964)

Veerakerala Varma nephew of Cheraman Perumal is supposed to be the first king of Cochin (This was around 7th Century AD). But the only record we have is from 1503 AD.

1. Unniraman Koyikal I (---- to 1503)
2. Unniraman Koyikal II (1503 to 1537)
3. Veera Kerala Varma (1537-1565)
4. Keshava Rama Varma (1565-1601)
5. Veera Kerala Varma (1601-1615)
6. Ravi Varma (1615-1624)
7. Veera Kerala Varma (1624-1637)
8. Godavarma (1637-1645)
9. Veerarayira Varma (1645-1646)
10. Veera Kerala Varma (1646-1650)
11. Rama Varma (1650-1656).
12. Rani Gangadharalakshmi (1656-1658).
13. Rama Varma (1658-1662).
14. Goda Varma (1662-1663)
15. Veera Kerala Varma(1663-1687)
16. Rama Varma (1687-1693)
17. Ravi Varma (1693-1697)
18. Rama Varma (1697-1701)
19. Rama Varma (1701-1721)
20. Ravi Varma (1721-1731)
21. Rama Varma (1731-1746)
22. Veera Kerala Varma (1746-1749)
23. Rama Varma (1749-1760)
24. Veera Kerala Varma (1760-1775)
25. Rama Varma (1775-1790)
26. Rama Varma (1790-1805)- SHAKTHAN THAMPURAN
27. Rama Varma (1805-1809)- Vellarapalli-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Vellarapali")
28. Veera Kerala Varma (1809-1828) - Karkidaka Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "karkidaka" month(ME))
29. Rama Varma (1828-1837) - Thulam-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Thulam" month (ME))
30. Rama Varma (1837-1844) - Edava-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Edavam" month (ME))
31. Rama Varma (1844-1851) - Thrishur-il Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Thrishivaperoor" or Thrishur)
32. Veera Kerala Varma (1851-1853) - Kashi-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Kashi" or Varanasi)
33. Ravi Varma(1853-1864) - Makara Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Makaram" month (ME))
34. Rama Varma(1864-1888) - Mithuna Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Mithunam" month (ME))
35. Kerala Varma(1888-1895) - Chingam Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chingam" month (ME))
36. Rama Varma(1895-1914) - aka Rajarshi, Abdicated Highness (Left for heavenly abode in 1932)
37. Rama Varma(1914-1932) - Madrasil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in Madras or Chennai)
38. Rama Varma(1932-1941) - Dhaarmika Chakravarthi (King of Dharma), Chowara-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chowara")
39. Kerala Varma (1941-1943) - Midukkan (syn: Smart, expert, great.) Thampuran
40. Ravi Varma(1943-1946) - Kunjappan Thampuran (Brother of Midukkan Thampuran)
41. Kerala Varma(1946-1948) - Ikya-Keralam (Unified Kerala) Thampuran
42. Rama Varma (1948-1964) - Pareekshit Thampuran

ME - Malayalam Era

[edit] British Emperors of India (1877-1947)

• Queen-Empress Victoria (1877-1901)
• King-Emperor Edward VII (1901-1910)
• King-Emperor George V (1910-1936)
• King-Emperor Edward VIII (Jan-Dec 1936)
• King-Emperor George VI (1936-1947)

[edit] Kings of India and Pakistan

After independence, but before declarations of republics:

• George VI, King of India (1947-1950) and King of Pakistan (1947-1952)
• Elizabeth II, Queen of Pakistan (1952-1956)

 

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